Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 2 Notes

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 Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 2 Notes Pdf

Cbse Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 2 Notes Pdf

Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 2 Notes Pdf

Acid Base and Salt

Acids: The word ‘Acid’ came from Latin word ‘Acidus or Acere’ which means sour.
Sour taste is the most common characteristic of acid. Acid turns blue litmus paper red. There are many substances which contain acid and hence taste sour, such as curd, tamarind, lemon, etc.
Types of Acids: Acids are divided into two types on the basis of their occurrence – Natural acids and Mineral acids

Natural Acid: Acids which are obtained from natural sources are called natural acid or organic acid.

Mineral Acids: Acids which are prepared from mineral are known as mineral acids, inorganic acids, man-made acids or synthetic acid, such as hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, etc.

Historical Monuments and Acid Rain:
Burning of fossil fuels releases oxides of sulphur and nitrogen. Nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide form nitric acid and sulphuric acid on reaction with water. When rain droplets mix with these gases (present in atmosphere because of pollution) they form acid rain.
Acid rain causes damage to historical monuments and other buildings. For example, the Taj Mahal, which is made of marble, is getting damaged because of reaction with acid rain. Marble is calcium carbonate which reacts with the acid and thus gets corroded.

Acid & Base and Fire Extinguisher
Metal carbonate or metal hydrogen carbonate and acid are used in fire extinguisher to produce carbon dioxide gas. Acid and metal carbonate or bicarbonate are kept in separate chambers in a fire extinguisher. On emergency they are allowed to react with one another. The carbon dioxide gas so produced is poured over fire. As carbon dioxide does not support burning, it puts off the fire.

Cbse Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 2 Notes Pdf

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